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QuestionsDenying the Antecedent

Single choice · #802

At the weekly meeting, the project manager said: “Since we didn't give the customer service team the new product training this week, they definitely won't be able to answer customers' new questions.” After the meeting, a colleague privately questioned this claim. Which of the following evaluations is most accurate?

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Answer: A

  • AThe statement treats “no training” as the sole reason for “can't answer,” ignoring that customer service can look up information or ask R&D.✓ Correct. This identifies the logical fallacy of denying the antecedent: even if “if trained, then can answer” holds, it doesn't follow that “not trained, so cannot answer,” because other means like checking documents or asking colleagues may suffice.
  • BThe statement is fine because training is indeed the main way to improve answering ability.✗ Incorrect. This view mistakes a necessary condition for a sufficient one, overlooking that other ways can achieve the result, thus committing the fallacy of denying the antecedent.
  • CThe statement confuses cause and effect, treating the inability to answer as the cause of insufficient training.✗ Incorrect. The original treats “no training” as the cause of “can't answer,” not the reverse. This is not a case of reversed causation, so confusing cause and effect is not applicable.
  • DThe statement commits the fallacy of hasty generalization, because some customer service representatives can answer all new questions without training.✗ Incorrect. Although exceptions may exist, the core issue isn't hasty generalization but a flawed inference from “didn't do A” to “B doesn't happen,” ignoring other paths—this is denying the antecedent.
Explanation:The manager implicitly reasons: “If we had trained, they could answer; we didn't train, so they cannot.” However, even if “training implies ability to answer” is true, it only guarantees ability when training occurs; it says nothing about what happens without training. Customer service staff could easily look up information, ask R&D, or check previous records, and may still answer. The correct option directly points out that other paths exist, revealing the flaw of denying the antecedent. Other options correspond to misunderstanding necessary vs. sufficient conditions, confusing cause and effect, or hasty generalization—none of which apply here.
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